对方案有偏好的不确定语言多属性决策方法

研究了属性权重完全未知、属性值和对方案的偏好值以不确定语言变量形式给出的不确定语言多属性决策问题。首先,引入不确定语言变量的运算法则,以及不确定语言变量之间比较的可能度公式,给出了不确定语言变量间的距离的概念。针对属性权重完全未知的情形,给出了求解权重的公式。然后,利用不确定语言加权平均算子,对不确定语言决策信息进行加权集成,并利用可能度公式构造可能度矩阵(互补判断矩阵),继而利用互补判断矩阵排序公式对决策方案进行排序和择优。最后进行了实例分析。     

股指期货价格非线性均值回复特性实证研究

用ESTAR 模型对香港恒生指数期货933、9312、943 合约及S&P 500 指数期货933、9312、 943 合约价格进行了实证研究,发现恒生指数期货933、9312 合约实际价格呈现非线性均值回 复,而其他各合约实际价格呈现线性均值回复. 结论:由于股票现货没有卖空机制使套利成本 较大,抑制了套利行为,导致期货合约实际价格呈现非线性. 在股票现货没有卖空机制的市场 条件下,单向套利的机会要比成熟的市场更多.     

浅析诗歌不可译因素对读者审美反应的影响

审美功能是诗歌的主要功能之一,而诗歌形式对诗歌的审美具有很大的影响。由于诗歌对源语语言符号本身的高度依赖性,作为语际转换工具的翻译在追求内容对应时往往以牺牲某些形式为代价,从而导致以这些形式为载体的审美成分作为不可译因素而丧失。如今,"以读者为中心"的观念在翻译理论构建中的重要作用日益突显出来,因而审视这些不可译因素所造成的读者审美偏差是很有价值的。     

偏至:现代文学的价值走向

五四新化运动所提出的“立人”标准理应是中国现代学的价值走向,但现代学在其发展过程中,事实上却逐渐偏离了这一正确走向。早期共产党人与个别激进作家是这种偏至的始作佣,而无产阶级革命学运动则将其进一步导向了集体主义、阶级本位,所幸的是非主流学继承了五四学的价值走向,才使得三十年代的学显得丰富多彩。但抗战使主流、非主流学都汇集于民族本位,学因此而走向了狭窄的通道,鲜有能与伟大的时代相匹配的史诗性作品传世。     

土地革命战争时期共产国际“左”倾错误理论发端新探

土地革命战争时期 ,在共产国际“左”倾理论的指导下 ,中共先后出现了三次“左”倾关门主义错误。依马克思主义的政党理论 ,国民党不仅是一个政党 ,而且是一个资产阶级性质的政党。而共产国际视资产阶级性质的国民党为统一战线的组织形式 ,从而割裂了国民党与资产阶级间的密不可分的联系 ,必然在认识上出现一误区 ,即将大资产阶级与民族资产阶级、小资产阶级混为一谈。一旦大资产阶级叛变革命 ,共产国际便视民族资产阶级、小资产阶级破坏统一战线 ,从而打击它们。     

青年领导干部要增强宪法意识纪念1982年宪法实施20周年

目前,青年领导干部中表现出来的宪法意识偏差主要表现为轻视宪法学习、缺乏宪法信仰;忽视宪法特性,降低宪法地位.相伴而生的主要违宪行为即是违背宪法精神、超限行使权力;违反宪法规定,侵犯公民权利.因此,必须要以有计划的培训考核;推动青年领导干部学习"三个代表"思想与宪法精神的一致性、学习宪法条款;强化人民民主与权利观念;以转变领导方式和工作方法去落实依法行政;发挥学习、遵守、使用宪法的表率作用.     

论战后日本和平民主主义思潮的变迁--兼谈其对日本政治右倾化的影响

社会思潮既是一个国家政治、经济、文化的反映 ,它又在一定程度上影响一个国家的政治走向。当前 ,日本政治出现右倾化 ,绝不是偶然的现象 ,它与制约政治右倾化的重要力量———左翼社会思潮的变迁息息相关。通过对战后日本和平民主主义思潮的表现及其盛衰原因进行分析 ,从而得出和平民主主义思潮的衰落以及日本政治必然右倾化的基本结论 ,对此世人应有清醒的认识     

A Weighted Least Squares Approach to Levene's Test of Homogeneity of Variance

In 1960 Levene suggested a potentially robust test of homogeneity of variance based on an ordinary least squares analysis of variance of the absolute values of mean-based residuals. Levene's test has since been shown to have inflated levels of significance when based on the F-distribution, and tests a hypothesis other than homogeneity of variance when treatments are unequally replicated, but the incorrect formulation is now standard output in several statistical packages. This paper develops a weighted least squares analysis of variance of the absolute values of both mean-based and median-based residuals. It shows how to adjust the residuals so that tests using the F -statistic focus on homogeneity of variance for both balanced and unbalanced designs. It shows how to modify the F -statistics currently produced by statistical packages so that the distribution of the resultant test statistic is closer to an F-distribution than is currently the case. The weighted least squares approach also produces component mean squares that are unbiased irrespective of which variable is used in Levene's test. To complete this aspect of the investigation the paper derives exact second-order moments of the component sums of squares used in the calculation of the mean-based test statistic. It shows that, for large samples, both ordinary and weighted least squares test statistics are equivalent; however they are over-dispersed compared to an F variable.     

Tests for assessment of agreement using probability criteria

For the assessment of agreement using probability criteria, we obtain an exact test, and for sample sizes exceeding 30, we give a bootstrap-t$t$ test that is remarkably accurate. We show that for assessing agreement, the total deviation index approach of Lin [2000. Total deviation index for measuring individual agreement with applications in laboratory performance and bioequivalence. Statist. Med. 19, 255–270] is not consistent and may not preserve its asymptotic nominal level, and that the coverage probability approach of Lin et al. [2002. Statistical methods in assessing agreement: models, issues and tools. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 97, 257–270] is overly conservative for moderate sample sizes. We also show that the nearly unbiased test of Wang and Hwang [2001. A nearly unbiased test for individual bioequivalence problems using probability criteria. J. Statist. Plann. Inference 99, 41–58] may be liberal for large sample sizes, and suggest a minor modification that gives numerically equivalent approximation to the exact test for sample sizes 30 or less. We present a simple and accurate sample size formula for planning studies on assessing agreement, and illustrate our methodology with a real data set from the literature.     

The run length distributions of the R,s and s2 control charts when is estimated

R, s and s2 charts with estimated control limits are widely used in practice. Common practice in control-chart theory is to estimate the control limits using data from the process and, once the process is determined to be in control, to treat the resulting control limits as though fixed. While there are empirical rules for setting up the control charts using past or trial data, little is known about the run length distributions of these charts when the fact that control limits are estimated is taken into account. In this paper, we derive and evaluate the run length distributions associated with the R, s and s2 charts when the process standard deviation a is estimated. The results are then used to discuss the appropriateness of the widely followed empirical rules for choosing the number m of samples and the sample size n.